Steam Turbine Electric Generator

In its simplest understanding, Steam Turbine is a machine that converts Pressure Energy into useful work. Understanding a steam turbine and a generator separately is the best way to understand Steam Turbine Electric Generators, also known as “Turbo Generators.” A steam turbine may be called a rotary engine that is powered by steam. To turn water into steam, it is heated to a very high temperature in steam boilers. The steam turbine converts the energy created by highly pressurized steam into mechanical energy, which rotates a generator. A generator is a machine that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. A generator’s coiled wires spin inside a magnetic field, causing an electric current to flow.
          When a Steam Turbine is connected to a Generator, the result is a Steam Turbine Electric Generator, which produces electricity. The built-in auxiliary systems allow them to operate safely and efficiently.

Solar thermal electric power plants, coal, geothermal, nuclear, and waste incineration plants all use steam turbine-driven generators. They’re also widely used in industries like cement, sugar, steel, paper, chemicals, and others. Steam Turbine Electric Generators are generally high-speed machines. Most of the electric power in the world is produced by steam turbine-driven power plants.
         

Steam Turbine Electric Generator
Steam Turbine Electric Generator

Working principle of a Steam Turbine Generator

Water is heated in a boiler to higher than boiler temperature of water to water into it to steam. The water flow rate, pumping pressure, and heat transfer area of the boiler, as well as the heat of combustion used, all influence steam production. The steam from the boiler enters the turbine via steam pipelines. This steam is pushed through nozzles inside the turbine to increase the steam velocity to the desired level. The high-velocity stream passes over the blades mounted on the steam turbine rotor. The velocity of steam is converted into the rotational movement of the turbine shaft. The Steam Turbine shaft is connected to Generator using couplings. Sometimes a Gear Box or Gear Reducer is used between the Steam Turbine and the Generator. Gearbox or Gear Reducer reduces the turbine shaft speed to desired generator shaft speed. Steam Turbine is made up of a casing with stationary blades inside and a rotor with moving blades around the perimeter.

Efficiency of a Steam Turbine generator

The efficiency of a steam-driven generator depends on many factors such as the type of steam turbine, its size, the inlet steam pressure and temperature, the exhaust steam pressure and temperature, and the steam flow rate.



Conclusion

Steam Turbine Electric Generators are commonly used for Power Generation from various energy sources such as renewable energy, coal, oil, and gas. Steam Turbines are installed in centralized power plants and in manufacturing industries.

Micro Steam Turbines

The Micro Steam Turbine enables the firm to generate its own electricity at a low cost and with minimal waste of energy and resources. Smaller amounts of steam or small pressure differences are sufficient to generate electricity with the Micro Steam Turbine. The Micro Steam Turbine is not only significantly more compact than conventional steam turbines, is fully oil-free due to the absence of gear, and can be effortlessly integrated into existing processes and plants.

VAPORPOWER – Micro Turbine
VAPORPOWER – Micro Turbine

Small and medium-sized companies with lower-output steam systems can be found in the food, pharmaceutical, chemical, and textile industries, as well as energy suppliers. They can save a lot of energy using the Micro Steam Turbine. In the output range of up to 300 kW, the small steam turbine provides more electricity with the same fuel input as conventional steam turbines. Even in single-shift operation, electricity costs can be reduced due to the turbine’s low life-cycle costs.

The micro steam turbine replaces a Pressure Reducing Valve (PRV) in the steam system when placed in process facilities. The steam required for the Process is usually generated at high pressure in a steam boiler and then mechanically reduced to the required operating pressure by a Pressure Reducing Valve (PRV). The Micro Steam turbine, which is located between the steam boiler and the process, will generate up to 300 kW of power on a continuous basis.

Steam Turbines India

The construction of Solani Canal near Roorkee in December 1851was the first instance in the history of Steam-based locomotive in India. It took about 70 years from then for the first Thermal Power Plant to be set up in India. Hussain Sager Thermal Power Station in Hyderabad was set up in 1920. A total of 22.5 MW of power was generated from 4 Power Units supplied by English Electric and Westing House Electric.

Steam Turbines India
Steam Turbines India
Today more than 55% of the total power generated in India comes from Steam Turbines

Steam Turbine Technology India

The steam Turbine Manufacturing industry in India is growing. Technology for Steam Turbine Manufacturers in India has proliferated from various Steam Turbine Manufacturers in the World from Europe, Japan and the United States of America. Most of the Steam Turbine Manufacturers in the World have presence in India. These include Siemens, GE, Kirloskar Ebara, Elliot, Copus, MAN Energy, Mitsubishi Electric, Shinko, Shin Nippon, Dresser-Rand, Skinner Power, BHEL, Alsthom, Doosan Bellies Turbines, BHEL and Triveni Turbines.

With the proliferation of manufacturing technologies in India, the quality of steam turbines manufactured in India today matches those of the best in the world. Supply chain resources for base manufacturing industries are well established all across the country. These include core manufacturing industries such as Steel Forgings, Steel Castings, Precision Machining, Hydraulics, Pneumatics, etc., Backed by well-educated, skilled, and experienced human resources for Engineering, Analysis, Assembly, and Site Services India today is well equipped to deliver world-class products.

Steam Turbine Export from India

India exports Steam Turbines of value more than 50 Million Dollars with a growing trend. Steam Turbines manufactured in India today are exported to more than 70 countries in the World. These countries include;

01. Australia

02. Bangladesh

03. Belize

04. Bosnia Herzegovina

05. Brazil

06. Cameroon

07. China

08. Colombia

09. Congo

10 Costa Rica

11 Croatia

12. Ecuador

13. El Salvador

14. Eritrea

15. Estonia

15. Ethiopia

16. Finland

18. Ghana

19. Guatemala

20. Guyana

21. Honduras

22. India

23. Indonesia

24. Iran

25. Ireland

26. Italy

27. Jamaica

28. Kenya

29. Kuwait

30. Laos

31. Lebanon

32. Lithuania

33. Malawi

34. Malaysia

35. Mauritius

36. Mexico

37. Mozambique

38. Myanmar

39  Nepal

40. the Netherlands

41. Nicaragua

42. Nigeria

43. Pakistan

44. Panama

45. Papua New Guinea

46. Peru

47. the Philippines

48. Poland

49. Portugal

50. Fiji

51. Romania

52. Russia

53. Saudi Arabia

54. Singapore

55. South Africa

56. South Korea

59. Swaziland

60. Sweden

61. Tanzania

62. Thailand

63. Tunisia

64. Turkey

65. the United Arab Emirates

66. Uganda

67. United Kingdom

68. Ukraine

69. Uzbekistan

70. Venezuela

71. Vietnam

72. Zambia

Steam Turbine in Sponge Iron Plant

Thermal energy from coal and electrical energy from grid supply are the primary sources of energy in a typical sponge iron company. Electricity
is needed to power prime movers such as kiln motors, compressors, pumps, Bag filters, crushers, and FD and ID fans, as well as lighting. The
thermal energy derived from coal combustion accounts for around 98 percent of overall energy consumption, with electrical energy accounting for
the remainder.

Steam Turbine in Sponge Iron Plant
Steam Turbine in Sponge Iron Plant

During operation, a large amount of waste gas is produced, and a large portion of it, along with the waste gas, goes unused. The energy
content of exhaust gases found at practical temperatures can be employed in three ways: for internal usage, external energy supply, or power
generation.

Because the sponge iron business is famously energy-intensive, having a consistent and reliable source of power is critical. As a result, the
availability of captive power becomes critical from a manufacturing standpoint. Waste heat is a byproduct of numerous ferrous and nonferrous
metal manufacturing sectors. This heat is used to generate steam in a Waste Heat Recovery Boiler. The steam produced is utilized to create
electricity in a Steam Turbine.

Steam Turbine in Starch Industry

The starch industry is a branch of food processing that uses starch as a raw material to create starch derivatives. Steam is utilized to sterilize and heat the process.

The steam turbine extracts thermal energy from pressurized steam and uses it to drive an electrical generator through mechanical work on a spinning output shaft.

Steam turbines are a more environmentally friendly solution for heat cogeneration.

Steam Turbine in Starch Industry

Steam Turbine in Rice Mills

The Rice Mill industry relies heavily on steam turbines. Rice mills can improve their energy efficiency and production capacity by using husk-fueled cogeneration systems to meet their thermal and electrical needs. This would not only save money but will also ensure a steady supply of electricity. produce additional cash from the surplus electricity provided by the rice husks. Electricity is created by a steam turbine topping cycle, and the turbine exhaust steam is used for heating purposes.

Steam Turbine in Rice Mills
Steam Turbine in Rice Mills

These precisely developed machines, specifically for rice mill applications, provide the best, most efficient, and most dependable steam supply solution in the whole industry for rice processing at advanced stages. Turtle Turbines pioneered the engineering behind dependable power generation as well as the provision of steam for process, giving the best available solutions to the plant’s diverse needs.

Steam Turbines in Pharma Industry

Steam turbines are used in the pharmaceutical industries in which electricity and heat drive many processes and it is often economical to integrate steam turbines into processes to produce electricity that can be used to power the facility. Steam turbines are similarly used to produce energy from waste. When waste material is combusted, the heat is used to drive an efficient and customized steam turbine.

Steam Turbines in Pharma Industry
Steam Turbines in Pharma Industry

Steam Turbines use the potential energy of steam and transform it into kinetic and mechanical energy. High-pressure steam is fed into a turbine that spins a generator producing electricity.

Steam is commonly used in the Pharma Industry for process heating, cleaning, and sterilization, humidification, distillation among other applications. Steam Turbines are effectively integrated to generate power using the pressure difference between the Boiler Pressure and the Process Pressure. Turtle Turbines has supplied several turbines to Pharma Industries even with varying steam flows.

Use of Steam Turbine in Chemical Industry

In the Chemical Plant steam is widely used in the process for heating purposes at various pressures. Usually from a saturated low pressure to a Superheated medium to high-pressure Boilers are used to generate the power. The enthalpy drop from boiler pressure to a process pressure is done in a Steam Turbine Generator or a PRV. A plant can be benefitted by generating its electricity by installing a Steam Turbine Generator. The size of a Turbine or a Boiler depends on the plant’s heating and electrical load. Proper application engineering can help to reach the highest overall efficiency by optimizing the Boiler and Turbine Size.

Use of Steam Turbine in Chemical Industry
Use of Steam Turbine in Chemical Industry

To decide the optimum size of the Boiler and Turbine, the cogeneration option can be looked out during the selection of a Boiler. Any process that produces heat by the exothermic reaction can also be taken into consideration for a waste heat recovery option and condensing or extraction condensing Turbine option. This will help in saving on electricity costs and thus will improve the overall thermal efficiency of the plant. A Turbine as low as 100 kW to 4 MW can be seen for backpressure for an inhouse power generation option. And even above that can be seen as a Captive Power Plant Option.

Steam Turbine in Vegetable Oil Industry

In the Veg Oil Industry generally, the Steam Pressure is reduced using a PRV. The Steam Turbine is erected to serve as a Rotary PRV and to recover energy that would otherwise be lost in the PRV. The recovered energy is then turned into usable clean electrical energy. In Veg Oil industries Steam Turbines are specifically developed to provide the best, most efficient, and most dependable option in the industry for providing steam for Veg oil processing at various stages. Turtle Turbines are engineered for Continuous power generation as well as the production of steam for process, giving the best available solutions to the plant’s fluctuating needs.

Steam Turbine in Vegetable Oil Industry
Steam Turbine in Vegetable Oil Industry turtle urbine

Steam turbines are used in a variety of industrial applications, including the production of vegetable oils, palm oils, fertilizers, and power plants.
To generate power, steam turbines are connected to an electric generator.
In the vegetable oil industry, steam turbine inlet steam conditions are typically between 12 (barg) Dry and Saturated and 45 (barg) 450 (°C).

Steam turbines use the energy released by expanding steam to generate electricity. Steam is generated by a boiler and then expanded in stages in the steam turbine until it reaches the predetermined exhaust pressure. Different processes, such as deodorization (2.5 to 5 barg) and direct heating, can use pre-defined exhaust pressures (2 to 3.5 barg).

Use of Steam Turbine in Sulphuric Acid industry

In a Sulphuric Acid plant, a huge quantity of waste heat is generated which is utilized in a Waste Heat Boiler to generate steam. The steam thus generated is used to drive a steam turbine. These steam turbines can be used to further drive a Blower or to generate power. Condensing or extraction condensing type of Turbine is widely used to generate power. Turtle Turbines over 2 decades Engineered and Designed their Best in Class Turbines by considering the need of Sulphuric Acid Industry which are modern, highly efficient, low maintenance, and very easy to operate.



The Turbines can also take the variations in steam flow which is due to variation in sulphur production. The Turbine pays back within a year. With extraction condensing Steam Turbine both process steam requirement and electricity generation can be achieved. Heat is recovered from the sulphur by the production of high-pressure [40 kg/cm2 (g) or 60 kg/cm2 (g)] saturated steam in a waste heat boiler and further flows through a superheater to produce superheated steam [around 400 Deg C]. The High Pressure Superheated Steam is fed to a steam turbine to produce electricity. This electricity is used to feed electrical motors of other equipment inside the plant. Proper Design of Steam Turbine, Condenser, and Cooling water systems impacts the overall performance of the plant. Installation of Steam Turbine reduces the steam cost and pays back on electricity bills.